206: How Scientists Conduct Peer Review: An Empirical Analysis of Project Review Behavior Among 300 Experts

Peer review is a crucial mechanism for organized academic exchange and quality control within the scientific community and remains the most widely employed method in scientific research activities. However, the specific processes and behavioral characteristics of scientists conducting peer reviews remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by focusing on the review of major S&T projects. Data were collected from over 300 scientists, capturing their review behaviors and the outcomes of their project evaluations. Through a comprehensive analysis of confidence and effectiveness in peer review, this study aims to uncover the similarities and differences in review behaviors among scientists across various disciplinary fields and at different career stages. Additionally, it examines the dispersion and concentration of evaluation results among different scientists. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of expert review behavior and provide valuable insights for enhancing the standardization and effectiveness of peer review processes.

Fang Xu – RIHN; Chengyan Lin; Xiaoxuan Li